Optimized frequency stabilization in hybrid renewable power grids with integrated energy storage systems using a...

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Control Systems
• Renewable Energy Systems

Background:

• Hybrid renewable power grids (HRPGs) face challenges with frequency deviations due to high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs).
• Existing control methods require enhancement to effectively manage grid stability under dynamic RES fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate novel control strategies for mitigating frequency deviations in HRPGs.
• To compare the performance of a Fuzzy Integral-Tilt-Derivative (I-TD) controller against other fuzzy logic controllers.
• To assess the impact of integrating energy storage systems, specifically plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), into the control strategy.

Main Methods:

• Two HRPG models were utilized: a two-area power grid and the IEEE 39-bus system, featuring unified power flow controllers (UPFCs).
• A Fuzzy I-TD controller was designed for the secondary control loop (SCL) and compared with Fuzzy-PID and Fuzzy I-PD controllers.
• A second strategy integrated the Fuzzy I-TD controller with controlled energy storage systems (ESSs), including PEVs.
• The Sea Horse Optimizer (SHO) metaheuristic algorithm was employed for parameter optimization under various operating conditions.

Main Results:

• The Fuzzy I-TD controller demonstrated significant reductions in frequency and tie-line deviations by 82.7% and 97.01%, respectively, compared to Fuzzy I-PD and Fuzzy-PID controllers.
• Integrating PEVs with the Fuzzy I-TD controller further reduced frequency fluctuations by 40% compared to the Fuzzy I-TD controller alone.
• Optimized parameters using SHO enhanced the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies.

Conclusions:

• The Fuzzy I-TD controller is a highly effective method for stabilizing HRPGs with high RES penetration.
• The integration of PEVs as ESSs provides an additional layer of frequency regulation, significantly improving grid performance.
• The proposed control strategies offer a robust and efficient solution for managing frequency stability in modern power grids.