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Related Concept Videos

Impact Strength of Concrete01:21

Impact Strength of Concrete

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Impact strength in concrete is a critical measure that reflects the material's capability to endure the forces applied during pile driving and when supporting machinery foundations that experience impulsive loads. It is also essential when handling precast concrete components to prevent accidental damage. The impact strength is assessed by observing the concrete's resistance to repeated impacts and energy absorption capacity. A key indicator of significant damage to concrete is when it...
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Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Reinforcements in Concrete01:25

Reinforcements in Concrete

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Reinforced concrete is a composite material used extensively in construction, combining the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile strength of steel. This synergy is essential as concrete, while excellent at resisting compression, is weak under tension. Steel bars, or rebars, are embedded in the concrete to handle these tensile forces. The choice of steel is strategic; it shares a similar coefficient of thermal expansion with concrete, which ensures uniformity in response to...
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Shrinkage in Concrete01:27

Shrinkage in Concrete

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Shrinkage in concrete is primarily due to water loss from evaporation, hydration of cement, or carbonation, leading to a reduction in volume. The volumetric contraction results in volumetric strain in concrete. However, in practice, shrinkage is measured as linear strain, which is one-third of the volumetric strain.
When concrete is still in its plastic state, it can undergo a decrease in volume by about 1% of its absolute volume. This decrease is known as plastic shrinkage. It arises either...
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Effects of Creep01:25

Effects of Creep

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Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Flexible Connectors for Use in Insulated Concrete Wall Panels
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Reducing impact load on RC-Slabs using Expanded Polystyrene (EPS).

Yosra El-Maghraby1, John Wael1, Aya Assem1

  • 1Faculty of Engineering, British University in Egypt, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.

Scientific Reports
|June 20, 2025
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Summary

Adding a surface layer of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) to reinforced concrete (RC) slabs significantly reduces damage from impact forces. This cost-effective method enhances slab resilience, mitigating cracking and deterioration from impacts like falling objects.

Keywords:
Expanded polystyrene foam (EPS)Experimental testingImpact force dissipationReducing impact loadReinforced concrete (RC) slabs

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Area of Science:

  • Structural Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Reinforced concrete (RC) slabs are susceptible to brittle failure and cracking under impact loads.
  • Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) is a lightweight, deformable material with energy-absorbing properties, traditionally used in insulation and civil infrastructure.
  • The use of EPS as a protective layer for RC slabs against impact is not well-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of a surface-mounted Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) layer in mitigating the impact response of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs.
  • To evaluate the reduction in dynamic response and structural deterioration of RC slabs with an EPS protective layer under impact loading.

Main Methods:

  • Six full-scale RC slab specimens were tested under vertical impact using a 90 kg steel ball dropped from 1 m.
  • Three slabs served as controls, while the other three had a 5 cm thick EPS layer applied to the surface.
  • Dynamic responses were recorded using accelerometers, and a validated finite element model in ABAQUS simulated the impact behavior, including EPS-concrete interface interactions.

Main Results:

  • The EPS layer significantly reduced maximum acceleration, displacement, and energy dissipation within the RC slabs compared to control specimens.
  • Control slabs experienced more energy absorption through cracking and damage.
  • EPS-protected slabs showed reduced structural deterioration, indicating more efficient impact energy mitigation.

Conclusions:

  • A surface-mounted EPS layer is a cost-effective solution for enhancing the impact resistance of RC slabs.
  • EPS effectively reduces the severity of impact forces, leading to less structural damage.
  • Further research involving parametric studies can generalize these findings for broader applications in structural protection.