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Gender-Affirming Rhinoplasty: A Scoping Review
Riley J Lehmann1, Christopher P Kruglik2, Michael J Nuara3
1University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
The Laryngoscope
|June 21, 2025
Summary
This review highlights gaps in gender-affirming rhinoplasty research, emphasizing the need for validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and inclusion of diverse patient populations. Current literature shows high satisfaction and low complication rates.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Gender-Affirming Care
- Surgical Outcomes Research
Background:
- Gender-affirming rhinoplasty literature is emerging.
- Objective findings and patient outcomes require comprehensive evaluation.
- Existing research presents knowledge gaps.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of gender-affirming rhinoplasty literature.
- To map objective findings and patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs).
- To identify research gaps and inform future studies.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase databases.
- Inclusion of English language primary research on gender-affirming rhinoplasty published since 2014.
- Extraction of data on PROMs, nasal anthropometry, revision, and complication rates.
Main Results:
- 18 studies were included from 443 abstracts.
- No PROMs were validated for gender-affirming rhinoplasty, yet satisfaction was high.
- Nasal measurements varied significantly; complication and revision rates were low.
Conclusions:
- Significant gaps exist in gender-affirming rhinoplasty literature.
- Validated PROMs are needed to quantify gender-affirming effects.
- Outcomes for non-Caucasian patients remain unaddressed; revision rates are comparable to cosmetic rhinoplasty.
