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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Detection of RNA-binding Proteins by In Vitro RNA Pull-down in Adipocyte Culture
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Structural prediction of potent non-coding RNAs.

Abhijit Beura1, Gowrang Kasaba Manjunath1, Tikam Chand Dakal2

  • 1Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India; Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|June 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression. This review highlights their structures, functions, and the computational and experimental methods used to predict their roles in health and disease.

Keywords:
Biomarker identificationComputational methodsDrug discoveryEthical considerationsLong non-coding RNAsMicroRNAsNcRNAsNon-coding RNAsRNA structure predictionSmall interfering RNAsStructural biologyTherapeutic strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulatory molecules involved in gene expression, cellular signaling, and biological processes.
  • Key types include microRNAs, small interfering RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs, each with distinct structural and functional characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse types of ncRNAs, focusing on their structural features and functional implications.
  • To explore advances in computational and experimental methods for predicting ncRNA structures and their roles.
  • To identify future research directions and potential applications of ncRNAs in biomedical research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ncRNA structure and function.
  • Discussion of computational approaches for RNA structure prediction.
  • Overview of experimental techniques used to elucidate ncRNA roles.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs play vital roles in gene regulation, cellular signaling, and biological processes.
  • Accurate prediction of ncRNA structures is essential for understanding biomolecular interactions and therapeutic development.
  • Advances in methods enhance the prediction of RNA structures and their roles in health and disease.

Conclusions:

  • Despite progress, accurately modeling complex RNA structures and their dynamics remains challenging.
  • Future research should integrate multi-omics data, refine prediction algorithms, and address ethical considerations for ncRNA therapies.
  • ncRNAs hold significant potential for drug discovery, biomarker identification, and synthetic biology.