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Amino acid-based risk stratification model improves prognostic precision in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Chaowei Zhang1,2, Mingyue Cai2,3, Weiyi Yao1,2

  • 1Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.

Cancer Cell International
|June 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Tryptophan and glutamine show potential as biomarkers for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). These amino acids can help predict patient prognosis and guide treatment strategies for this common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype.

Keywords:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)LC-MS/MS analysisMachine learning modelPlasma amino acid metabolismPrognostic biomarkers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Accurate prognostic evaluation and targeted treatment are crucial for DLBCL patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify potential plasma amino acid biomarkers for DLBCL prognosis.
  • To develop predictive models for DLBCL patient outcomes using machine learning.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma amino acid profiling using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in 20 DLBCL patients and 10 healthy controls.
  • Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) for biomarker identification and pathway enrichment analysis.
  • Development of prognostic models using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR).

Main Results:

  • Tryptophan and glutamine levels were significantly correlated with DLBCL prognosis.
  • The SVR model demonstrated high predictive accuracy (R² = 0.89) for DLBCL prognosis.
  • The PLSR model also showed prognostic predictive capability, though with lower accuracy (R² = 0.33).

Conclusions:

  • Tryptophan and glutamine are identified as potential biomarkers for DLBCL.
  • Machine learning models, particularly SVR, can effectively predict DLBCL prognosis.
  • These findings offer a new basis for evaluating DLBCL prognosis and guiding clinical treatment decisions.