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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Using Pharmacological Manipulation and High-precision Radio Telemetry to Study the Spatial Cognition in Free-ranging Animals
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Wolverines use spatial memory to plan efficient routes through rugged terrain.

Thomas W Glass1,2, Jeffery P Copeland3, Lucretia E Olson3

  • 1W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA. trglass2@alaska.edu.

Movement Ecology
|June 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wolverines use spatial memory to plan efficient routes in mountainous terrain, navigating destinations up to 9.8 km away. This route planning conserves significant energy, highlighting their complex cognitive abilities.

Keywords:
Gulo guloCarnivoreCircuitscapeCognitive mapEnergy landscapeGlacier National ParkMovement ecologySpatial memoryWolverine

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Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior
  • Spatial cognition
  • Movement ecology

Background:

  • Animal navigation relies on perception, search, and memory.
  • Distinguishing the role of memory in navigation is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and evaluate the role of spatial memory in animal navigation.
  • To assess if animals plan routes beyond their immediate perceptual range.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mechanistic movement model to simulate navigation without memory.
  • Compared simulated paths with actual wolverine routes.
  • Analyzed route efficiency to infer the use of spatial memory.

Main Results:

  • Wolverines (Gulo gulo) demonstrate the use of spatial memory for route planning.
  • Planned routes targeted destinations between 5.3-9.8 km.
  • Route planning resulted in an estimated energy saving of 19.3 kcal per 135 min.

Conclusions:

  • Wolverine navigation incorporates spatial memory, extending beyond perceptual range.
  • Findings offer insights into the cognitive mechanisms of wolverine navigation.
  • Wolverines exhibit complex spatial memory, comparable to primates.