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Mouse Models of Periventricular Leukomalacia

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Kaolin-Induced Hydrocephalus in the Developing Rat Brain: Deficits of Visual Perception and Structural Changes in the

M T Shokunbi^1,2, F E Olopade¹, O M Femi-Akinlosotu¹

¹Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State.

West African Journal of Medicine

|June 22, 2025

Summary

Hydrocephalus in rats caused visual cortex neuronal damage and reduced neuron size, leading to impaired visual perception. These findings highlight structural changes impacting vision in hydrocephalic conditions.

Keywords:

Dendrites Hydrocephalus Pyknotic index Pyramidal neurons Visual cortex Visual perception deficits

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Early Pathological and Magnetic Resonance Detection of Cerebral Injury Using a Rat Model of Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Published on: October 28, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Cortical visual deficits are known in hydrocephalus.
Morphological changes in the visual cortex are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

Assess neuronal population and cytoarchitecture in the visual cortex of hydrocephalic rats.
Correlate morphological changes with visual perception deficits.

Main Methods:

Induced hydrocephalus in neonatal and juvenile rats using kaolin injection.
Assessed vision via dark chamber preference tests.
Analyzed visual cortex tissue using Golgi, H&E, and Nissl stains.

Main Results:

Hydrocephalic rats failed visual perception tests.
Observed neuronal degeneration and loss of cortical layering.
Reduced size and dendritic branching of layer 5 pyramidal neurons, with decreased density.

Conclusions:

Hydrocephalus significantly alters visual cortex neuron morphology.
These morphological changes are associated with impaired visual perception.