Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is a versatile, nonmedical approach aimed at helping individuals address emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal issues to enhance their overall well-being. It can involve one-on-one sessions, couples counseling, or small group discussions with a therapist. The therapeutic process includes various techniques such as open discussion, interpretation of thoughts and behaviors, active listening, positive reinforcement, and role modeling. Psychotherapy aims to support individuals in...

Elements Crucial for Effective Psychotherapy

Elements Crucial for Effective Psychotherapy

Research has highlighted several critical factors that influence the effectiveness of psychotherapy, such as the therapeutic alliance, the therapist, and the client.
The Therapeutic Alliance
The therapeutic alliance refers to the relationship between the therapist and the client. The alliance strengthens when the therapist and the client engage in a nurturing, supportive, trusting, empathetic, and respectful relationship, improving therapeutic outcomes. Therapists must monitor this relationship...

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...

Drug Therapy

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

Psychodynamic Therapy

Psychodynamic Therapy

Psychodynamic therapies emphasize the exploration of unconscious processes and early childhood experiences as fundamental contributors to psychological difficulties. These therapies, deeply rooted in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, aim to uncover and resolve unconscious conflicts, granting individuals insights that promote emotional and behavioral healing. Contemporary psychodynamic approaches have evolved, integrating a broader range of influences and methodologies while still valuing the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Comparison of Commonly Applied Outcome Inventories as Measures of General Internalizing Pathology in Psychological Therapies.

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy·2026

Same author

Joint factor structure of self-reported cognitive and affective problems in a help-seeking population.

Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology·2026

Same author

Platform trial of smartphone-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for depressive symptoms among people with no or subthreshold depression: a protocol for the Best, Efficient and Affordable Training in Resilience in Constant Evolution (BEATRICE) platform trial.

BMJ open·2026

Same author

Psychometric Evaluation of the Homework Rating Scale-Mobile Application: Reliability and Predictive Validity for Assessing Engagement in Smartphone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy·2026

Same author

Health care personnel under the pressure of COVID-19 - a prospective 2-year cohort study.

Nordic journal of psychiatry·2025

Same author

Quantifying age-related disparities in outpatient psychotherapy utilization: a representation quotient analysis of routine data from 29 university clinics in Germany.

BMC health services research·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Targeted Learning for Optimal Patient Assignment to Psychotherapy.

Veera K Malkki^1,2, Suoma E Saarni^1,3,4, Wolfgang Lutz⁵

¹Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Psychotherapy Research : Journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research

|June 22, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Personalized psychotherapy choice significantly improves patient outcomes. Identifying optimal treatment rules for individual patients leads to greater benefits than average treatment effects, enhancing symptom scores and functioning.

Keywords:

optimal individualized treatment rule personalized treatment

More Related Videos

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: October 10, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: October 10, 2018

Area of Science:

Psychiatry and Mental Health
Machine Learning in Healthcare
Causal Inference

Background:

Previous research often failed to differentiate treatment effects across psychotherapy frameworks.
Focusing on average treatment effects overlooks the potential for personalized treatment selection.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the effects of individually optimal treatment choice in psychotherapy.
To estimate the difference in average treatment outcomes between optimal individualized treatment and randomly allocated treatment.

Main Methods:

Utilized a causal-inference machine learning framework (targeted learning).
Analyzed observational data from the Finnish Psychotherapy Quality Registry (n=2255 adult patients).
Estimated counterfactual outcomes for psychodynamic, solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral, and integrative/cognitive-analytic therapies.

Main Results:

The counterfactual optimal treatment yielded 0.28–0.29 standard deviations larger benefits across all outcomes compared to average treatment effects.
Treatment effects on symptom scores were similar across frameworks when assuming a single framework for all patients.
Some differences in treatment effects emerged for therapist-assessed functioning across frameworks.

Conclusions:

Identifying optimal treatment rules for psychotherapy frameworks is feasible.
Personalized treatment selection holds significant potential for improving patient outcomes in mental health.