Recurrent Müllerianosis in the Bladder: A Rare Case Report That May Mimic an Adenocarcinoma

Müllerianosis of the bladder is a rare pathological condition characterized by the presence of residual Müllerian ductal tissue in the bladder wall. Although usually benign, Müllerianosis of the bladder may show tumor-like features and lead to potential misdiagnosis as bladder carcinoma.

In this case report, we discuss a 53-year-old woman who presented with left flank pain, and an incidental bladder USG revealed a mass. Cystoscopy revealed a mucinous mass on the posterior wall, and histopathological examination revealed Müllerian-type epithelium, confirming the diagnosis of Müllerianosis. The lesion recurred in two more control cystoscopies within 2 years.

This case highlights the importance of considering Müllerianosis in the differential diagnosis of bladder lesions mimicking adenocarcinoma.