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[Hypertrophic gingivitis caused by verapamil].

G Cucchi, S Giustiniani, F Robustelli

    Giornale Italiano Di Cardiologia
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, may cause gingival hyperplasia, a gum overgrowth condition. Discontinuation of verapamil led to regression, suggesting a link between this drug and gum overgrowth.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Oral Medicine

    Background:

    • Angina pectoris is a common cardiovascular condition.
    • Diphenylhydantoin is a known cause of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.
    • Verapamil is a widely prescribed calcium channel blocker for cardiovascular conditions.

    Observation:

    • Two patients with angina pectoris developed gingival hyperplasia during verapamil treatment.
    • The observed gingival hyperplasia was clinically similar to that caused by diphenylhydantoin.
    • In one case, discontinuing verapamil resulted in significant regression of the gingival hyperplasia.

    Findings:

    • Clinical evidence suggests a strong association between verapamil administration and the development of gingival hyperplasia.
    • The regression of hyperplasia upon drug discontinuation supports a causal relationship.

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  • Further research is needed to confirm this link and understand its incidence and correlation with local factors.

    • Implications:

    • This finding highlights a potential adverse drug reaction of verapamil that requires clinical attention.
    • Healthcare providers should monitor patients on verapamil for signs of gingival hyperplasia.
    • Further studies can elucidate the mechanism and prevalence of verapamil-induced gingival hyperplasia.