OCT Characterization and Monitoring of Fusarium solani Chorioretinitis Lesions

To report a case of chorioretinitis caused by Fusarium in an immunosuppressed 34-year-old patient in the context of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia and to describe its management based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of the inflammatory lesions.

Case report.

A 34-year-old man developed a bilateral multifocal chorioretinitis caused by Fusarium solani during the induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed three months earlier. At the time of ophthalmological diagnosis, the patient already presented a disseminated fungal infection involving skin, nasal mucosa, and lungs. The patient was treated with systemic antifungal agents (intravenous voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B) and five intravitreal injections of voriconazole (100 µg/0.1 mL). The clinical outcome was favorable, with resolution of the lesions and a final best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes. Chorioretinal inflammatory lesions were monitored using OCT, enabling the evaluation and characterization of different stages of lesion evolution.

OCT may be useful for monitoring the evolution of inflammatory lesions in Fusarium chorioretinitis and may assist in therapeutic decision-making.