Comparative biomechanical analysis of Endo-LOVE and C-endo LFD techniques for bi-segmental cervical spondylotic...

Objective: To compare biomechanical effects of full-endoscopic laminectomy (Endo-LOVE) versus continuous-endoscopic technique (C-Endo LFD) in normal and osteoporotic cervical spines. Methods: Four C2-C7 finite element models simulated daily activities: normal/osteoporotic bone density treated with Endo-LOVE or C-Endo LFD. Range of motion (ROM), endplate/facet joint stress, and disc pressure (IDP) were quantified. Results: Both techniques showed comparable biomechanical effects. Osteoporotic models demonstrated greater ROM increases (18.3% vs normal), elevated facet joint stress (24.6% increase), and higher endplate stress (22.1% increase). IDP remained unchanged between groups. Conclusion: C-Endo LFD does not increase cervical instability risk. However, in osteoporosis it elevates surgical segment ROM and joint/endplate stresses, potentially affecting postoperative stability.