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Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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What is Climate?01:16

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Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
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The Carbon Cycle01:14

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Conditions on Early Earth02:06

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Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
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Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

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Ten new insights in climate science 2024.

Roberto Schaeffer1, E Lisa F Schipper2, Daniel Ospina3

  • 1Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

One Earth (Cambridge, Mass.)
|June 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global warming demands urgent climate action. Experts identified 10 key climate change research advances to guide policymakers on methane, aerosols, and policy acceptance for COP29.

Keywords:
adaptationclimate policyclimate sciencegovernancejust transitionmitigationresiliencescience policy

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Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Environmental Policy
  • Interdisciplinary Research

Background:

  • 2023-2024 saw unprecedented global warming, increasing the need for effective climate action.
  • The vast climate change literature presents challenges for researchers and policymakers.
  • Cross- and interdisciplinary understanding is crucial for robust climate science advice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize key climate change research advances with high policy relevance.
  • To provide science-based insights for decision-makers, particularly for the Conference of the Parties (COP29).
  • To address challenges in navigating climate change research literature.

Main Methods:

  • An online questionnaire was used to gather expert input.
  • 188 respondents from 45 countries participated.
  • Expert insights were used to prioritize 10 key research advances.

Main Results:

  • Ten high-policy-relevance advances in climate change research were identified.
  • Insights cover methane and aerosol emissions, and public acceptance of climate policies.
  • The findings inform a science-policy report for COP29 delegates.

Conclusions:

  • Synthesized research advances provide crucial guidance for climate policy.
  • The report supports informed decision-making on adaptation, mitigation, and resource governance.
  • Effective communication of climate science is vital for policy development and implementation.