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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
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Air content measurement in concrete is critical for ensuring structural integrity and durability of concrete structures, especially in environments prone to severe weather conditions. Accurate air content analysis optimizes concrete's resistance to freeze-thaw cycles and enhances its workability and strength. Several methods are standardized under ASTM guidelines to measure the air content in fresh concrete, each suitable for different concrete types and conditions.
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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
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  1. Home
  2. Research Domains
  3. Engineering
  4. Environmental Engineering
  5. Air Pollution Modelling And Control
  6. Open-source Three-dimensional Iot Anemometer For Indoor Air Quality Monitoring

Open-source three-dimensional IoT anemometer for indoor air quality monitoring

Elizabeth Ospina-Rojas1, Juan Botero-Valencia1, Daniel Betancur-Vasquez2

  • 1Faculty of Engineering, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Grupo SCR, Medellín 050034, Colombia.

Hardwarex
|June 23, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an open-source, 3D anemometer for monitoring indoor airflow. The device accurately measures wind speed and direction, enhancing indoor environmental quality and safety.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Engineering
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Poor indoor ventilation impacts health, safety, and comfort.
  • Environmental pollutants and dangerous temperatures result from inadequate airflow.
  • Accurate indoor environmental monitoring is crucial for public well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop an open-source, three-dimensional anemometer.
  • To monitor wind speed and direction within enclosed spaces.
  • To integrate sensors for comprehensive indoor environmental condition assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an array of six unidirectional flow sensors for 3D wind measurement.
  • Integrated sensors for carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), temperature, humidity, pressure, and gas detection.
Keywords:
Indoor air qualityIoT sensorsOpen hardwareThermal anemometer

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  • Developed a prototype for detailed indoor airflow and environmental monitoring.
  • Main Results:

    • The anemometer accurately detects wind speed variations (±0.25 m/s).
    • Horizontal wind direction changes are detected with a deviation of 3.7°.
    • Vertical wind direction variations are measured with a deviation of 3.02°.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed 3D anemometer effectively monitors indoor wind conditions.
    • The device provides detailed insights into indoor airflow dynamics.
    • This technology has significant potential for improving indoor air quality and safety.
    Three-dimensional anemometer
    Wind direction
    Wind speed