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Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Strategies for Screening, Management, and Overcoming Treatment Challenges in the Outpatient
Radhika M Shah1, Jigme M Sethi1, Larissa Wolf2
1Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, UTHSC College of Medicine - Chattanooga, Baroness Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga, TN, USA (RMS, JMS, PK).
American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|June 23, 2025
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes airway closure, leading to health risks. Early diagnosis and treatment, including positive airway pressure or alternatives, are crucial for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health
- Neurology
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves repeated airway closure during sleep.
- This leads to hypoxemia and sympathetic nervous system activation.
- OSA is associated with significant cardiovascular and neurological complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, screening, and testing for OSA.
- To discuss treatment options for OSA, focusing on positive airway pressure and alternatives.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of OSA pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
- Analysis of current evidence regarding positive airway pressure and alternative therapies.
Main Results:
- Positive airway pressure is the gold standard treatment for OSA.
- Alternative treatments exist for patients intolerant to positive airway pressure.
Conclusions:
- Early recognition and management of OSA are vital to prevent serious health issues.
- Comprehensive understanding of OSA pathophysiology and treatment options is essential for effective patient care.
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