Step-by-step design guide of a cryogenic three-axis vector magnet

Area of Science:

• Low-temperature physics
• Experimental techniques
• Magnet design

Background:

• Tunable magnetic fields are vital for spintronics, MRI, and condensed matter physics.
• Commercial superconducting vector magnets are costly and inflexible for specific research needs.
• Existing in-house designs lack comprehensive construction guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a detailed manual for constructing a cryogenically compatible three-axis vector magnet.
• To offer a practical, in-house solution for generating tunable magnetic fields at low temperatures.
• To enable specific experimental requirements in research settings.

Main Methods:

• Detailed design and construction manual for a three-axis vector magnet.
• System integration and testing within a dilution refrigerator (15 mK to 4 K).
• Implementation of safety measures to prevent quenching-induced heating.

Main Results:

• Successful operation of the vector magnet at cryogenic temperatures without significant base temperature increase.
• Generation of magnetic fields up to 2.5 T in the bore and 0.4 T at the sample position using DC currents up to 3 A.
• Experimental validation of magnetic field performance through Hall sensor measurements, showing good agreement with design predictions.

Conclusions:

• The developed manual facilitates the in-house construction of a functional, cryogenically compatible three-axis vector magnet.
• The system provides a cost-effective and adaptable solution for generating tunable magnetic fields in low-temperature research.
• This work addresses the need for accessible, detailed guides in experimental physics for specialized equipment.