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Quantifying Microorganisms at Low Concentrations Using Digital Holographic Microscopy DHM

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Published on: November 1, 2017

Measurement of HbA1c with a new phase function using RBC phase image from a low-cost digital holographic microscopy.

Ashok Kumar Sahu^1,2, Bandita Panda³, Adik Amiyan Tripathy²

¹Department of Physics, Berhampur University, Ganjam, Berhampur, Odisha, 760007, India.

Biotechnology Letters

|June 23, 2025

Summary

A new phase function, Øcp, measured by low-cost digital holographic microscopy, accurately estimates glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetes. This method offers a scalable and affordable approach for monitoring blood glucose control.

Keywords:

Diabetes Hyperglycemia Low-cost-detection Phase estimation RBC morphology

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Medical Diagnostics
Diabetes Management

Background:

Accurate monitoring of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is crucial for diabetes management.
Current HbA1c measurement methods can be costly and time-consuming.
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) offers a potential low-cost imaging modality.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel phase function for HbA1c measurement using DHM.
To assess the feasibility of using DHM for low-cost, large-scale glucose monitoring in diabetes.

Main Methods:

Development of a new phase parameter, Øcp, derived from red blood cell (RBC) phases using DHM.
Recording RBC holograms with a low-cost DHM and digital reconstruction.
Correlation analysis between the Øcp parameter and HbA1c levels measured by HPLC.

Main Results:

The Øcp parameter demonstrated a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.952) with HbA1c levels.
A critical Øcp value of 3.5 corresponded to 6.5% HbA1c, indicating hyperglycemia.
The developed method showed potential for accurate HbA1c estimation.

Conclusions:

The novel Øcp phase function, measured via DHM, provides a reliable method for estimating HbA1c.
This approach enables large-scale and low-cost HbA1c monitoring for diabetes management.
A threshold of Øcp ≥ 3.5 can identify individuals with hyperglycemia (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%).