Global lipoprotein (a) testing trends from 2015 to 2023

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Preventive Medicine
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a significant, yet often unmeasured, risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
• Current guidelines advocate for universal Lp(a) testing, particularly in individuals with premature cardiovascular disease or a family history.
• Emerging therapies targeting Lp(a) highlight the clinical importance of identifying at-risk individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze global trends in Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] testing over the past decade (2015-2023).
• To evaluate Lp(a) testing patterns within high-risk patient subgroups and key demographics.
• To identify disparities in adherence to recommended Lp(a) testing guidelines.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective cohort study utilizing the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network.
• Inclusion of adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent Lp(a) testing between January 2015 and December 2023.
• Analysis of comorbidities using ICD-10-CM codes and assessment of annual testing trends in overall and high-risk populations.

Main Results:

• Data from 141 million patients across 144 healthcare organizations were analyzed.
• Overall Lp(a) testing increased minimally from 0.009% in 2015 to 0.032% in 2023.
• Testing rates in high-risk subgroups (e.g., coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, heart failure) remained below 1% in 2023, with only family history of CAD exceeding this threshold.

Conclusions:

• Global Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] testing rates are notably low, both in the general population and in high-risk individuals.
• There is a critical need for enhanced education and systematic implementation of guideline-recommended Lp(a) testing.
• Improved testing strategies are essential for accurate cardiovascular risk stratification and timely intervention.