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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

789
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
789
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis
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Multilayered trabecular meshwork for dynamic in vitro studies in glaucoma research.

Magdalena Z Gładysz1, Micaela Gaspar Gonçalves Fernandes2, Xiaopeng Li3

  • 1Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, 9700 CE Groningen, the Netherlands; Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 3, 9747 AG, the Netherlands.

Acta Biomaterialia
|June 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel 3D-printed model of the trabecular meshwork (TM) to better understand glaucoma. The dynamic model accurately mimics the human TM, offering a promising platform for in vitro glaucoma drug testing and research.

Keywords:
Corneoscleral meshworkMelt electrowritingPerfusionUveal meshwork

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Ophthalmology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness due to optic nerve damage.
  • The trabecular meshwork (TM) regulates intraocular pressure (IOP) by draining aqueous humor (AH).
  • Current in vitro TM models lack the hierarchical structure and dynamic functionality of native tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a dynamic, 3D-printed in vitro model of the human trabecular meshwork (TM).
  • To assess the model's utility for studying cellular behavior and drug responses under physiological conditions.
  • To provide a more accurate platform for glaucoma research and drug screening.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a multilayered TM scaffold using melt electrowriting (MEW) 3D printing.
  • Integration of the scaffold with a perfusion system for continuous pressure monitoring.
  • Culturing primary adult human TM cells on scaffolds and evaluating cell growth, protein expression, and pressure changes under static and dynamic conditions.

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed scaffolds supported human TM cell growth and maintained hierarchical structure.
  • Dynamic perfusion revealed increased outflow resistance with cell proliferation, mimicking disease progression.
  • Proteomic analysis indicated cellular adaptation to flow, and Lat-B treatment demonstrated drug efficacy in reducing pressure.

Conclusions:

  • The developed dynamic in vitro TM model accurately replicates native tissue structure and function.
  • This advanced model offers a superior platform for glaucoma research and high-throughput drug testing.
  • The findings pave the way for developing more effective glaucoma therapies.