Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 18, 2025

14:04
Neutrophil Isolation and Analysis to Determine their Role in Lymphoma Cell Sensitivity to Therapeutic Agents
Published on: March 25, 2016
15.5K
Resistance Mechanism for Zanubrutinib in Marginal Zone Lymphoma
John Sharp1, Arwa Y Shana'ah2, Timothy J Voorhees1
11Division of Hematology, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Summary
Brüton
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma often requiring multiple treatment lines.
- Brüton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) show promise for relapsed MZL, but resistance is a significant challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the first case of a patient with MZL developing co-mutations (BTK C481S and PLCG2 D334H) conferring BTKi resistance.
- To highlight disease progression and large cell transformation in a patient treated with zanubrutinib.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a patient with relapsed MZL treated with zanubrutinib.
- Genetic analysis to identify mutations associated with BTKi resistance.
Main Results:
- The patient developed large cell transformation of MZL.
- Acquisition of BTK C481S and PLCG2 D334H mutations was observed, predicting zanubrutinib resistance.
Conclusions:
- This case highlights the emergence of BTKi resistance mechanisms in MZL.
- Understanding these resistance pathways is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for MZL patients.
Related Concept Videos
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.9K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.9K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.6K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.6K
Inhibition of Cdk Activity
4.9K
The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
4.9K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
2.2K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
2.2K

