Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Synchronic Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report

The synchronous coexistence of primary neoplasms with diverse histogeneses in the gastrointestinal tract is rare, particularly the association between gastric adenocarcinoma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Gastric adenocarcinoma is a common neoplasm, often associated with risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection and poor eating habits. Notably, MCL is an uncommon and aggressive type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, accounting for approximately 5% of lymphoma diagnoses. This report describes the case of a 74-year-old former smoker diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma and MCL of the perigastric lymph nodes. Adenocarcinoma was detected by evaluating the gastrointestinal symptoms, followed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy. MCL was diagnosed after evaluation of the lymph nodes obtained from the surgical specimen and confirmed using immunohistochemistry. This report highlights the importance of a detailed diagnostic approach for cases of synchronous neoplasms and the need for integrated therapeutic management considering the different biological characteristics of each type of neoplasm.