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Using sodium glycodeoxycholate to develop a temporary infant-like gut barrier model, in vitro.

Francesca Bietto1,2, Elena Arranz3,4, Beatriz Miralles4

  • 1Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Cork, Ireland.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|June 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium glycodeoxycholate (GDC) creates a reversible, non-inflammatory infant gut model. This model aids in studying nutrient absorption and infant gut physiology, showing increased amino acid transport after formula digestion.

Keywords:
Caco-2/HT29-MTXTEERin vitro infant gut barrierinfant milk formula digestaintestinal permeabilitysodium glycodeoxycholatetight junctions

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Physiology
  • In Vitro Modeling

Background:

  • The neonatal intestinal barrier is characteristically permeable yet non-inflamed.
  • Understanding this unique physiological state is crucial for accurate infant gut modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in vitro model simulating the infant gut barrier.
  • To investigate the effects of sodium glycodeoxycholate (GDC) on intestinal barrier properties.

Main Methods:

  • Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells were treated with varying concentrations of sodium glycodeoxycholate (GDC).
  • Measurements included Trans-Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER), paracellular permeability, and tight junction protein expression.
  • Lactulose transport and amino acid absorption were assessed following infant formula digestion.

Main Results:

  • GDC treatment reduced TEER and increased paracellular permeability without causing inflammation or cytotoxicity.
  • A 0.8 mM GDC concentration significantly increased lactulose transport and altered occludin expression.
  • GDC reversibly modulated barrier function and enhanced amino acid absorption from digested infant formula.

Conclusions:

  • Sodium glycodeoxycholate (GDC) provides a controllable and reversible in vitro model for infant gut physiology.
  • This model is valuable for studying nutrient absorption and barrier function in early life.
  • The findings suggest GDC acts via G-protein coupled receptors to modulate barrier properties.