Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Distillation: Vapor–Liquid Equilibria

Distillation: Vapor–Liquid Equilibria

Distillation is a separation technique that takes advantage of the boiling point properties of disparate elements in a mixture. To perform distillation, we begin by heating a miscible mixture of two liquids with a significant difference in boiling points (at least 20°C). As the solution heats up and reaches the bubble point of the more volatile component, some molecules of the more volatile component transition into the gas phase and travel upward into the condenser, which is a glass tube...

Vaporization

Vaporization

The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure

When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...

Vapor Pressure Lowering

Vapor Pressure Lowering

The equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its gaseous phase when vaporization and condensation are occurring at equal rates:

Dissolving a nonvolatile substance in volatile liquid results in a lowering of the liquid’s vapor pressure. This phenomenon can be explained by considering the effect of added solute molecules on the liquid's vaporization and condensation processes. To vaporize, solvent molecules must be present at the surface of the solution....

Stimulants

Stimulants

Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...

Solvents

Solvents

A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Toxicity, Chemistry, and Public Health Relevance of Emerging Nicotine Analog Vapes, Pods, and Pouches.

Chemical research in toxicology·2026

Same author

Analysis of Novel Cannabis Products Labeled as Containing THC-JD.

Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.)·2026

Same author

A comparative toxicological evaluation of nicotine and its analog 6-methyl nicotine in E-cigarette aerosol utilizing a 3D in vitro human respiratory model.

Toxicology·2026

Same author

Production of 3-Cyanopyridine upon Vaping Nicotinamide and Evaluation of the Toxicological Effects of Individual and Combined Exposures via Isobologram-Based Analysis.

Chemical research in toxicology·2025

Same author

Nucleophilic Ring-Opening of <i>N</i>-Benzoylaziridine Combined with Spirolactamization of Rhodol Enables Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging of Hydropersulfides in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

Analytical chemistry·2025

Same author

1,2-Allenic Ketone-Based Fluorogenic Probes for Imaging of S-Sulfinylation in Living Cells.

Analytical chemistry·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass

Published on: May 27, 2022

Cannabis concentrate vaping chemistry.

Kaelas R Munger¹, Killian M Anreise¹, Robert M Strongin¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States.

Frontiers in Toxicology

|June 24, 2025

Summary

Vaping cannabis concentrates exposes users to harmful aerosol toxicants like isoprene and aldehydes. Further research is crucial to understand the public health risks of these popular products.

Keywords:

cannabis concentrates cannabis vaping dabbing ketene pine rosin terpene vaping terpenes vaping

More Related Videos

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates

Published on: May 30, 2025

In vitro Cannabis Exposures of Lung Epithelial Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

In vitro Cannabis Exposures of Lung Epithelial Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

Published on: June 20, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass

Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Cannabidiolic Acid from Cannabis Biomass

Published on: May 27, 2022

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates

Published on: May 30, 2025

In vitro Cannabis Exposures of Lung Epithelial Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

In vitro Cannabis Exposures of Lung Epithelial Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface

Published on: June 20, 2025

Area of Science:

Chemistry
Toxicology
Public Health

Background:

Manufactured cannabis concentrates are increasingly popular, yet under-researched regarding vaping chemistry and associated health risks.
The widespread use of these products necessitates a deeper understanding of their toxicant profiles.
Early-stage investigations highlight potential public health concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the knowledge gap in cannabis concentrate vaping chemistry.
To outline technical challenges in studying these products.
To present data on toxicant exposures from vaping cannabis concentrates.

Main Methods:

A literature search of Google Scholar (2019-2025) for cannabis concentrate vaping.
Defined cannabis concentrate as samples with ≥50% (w/w) cannabinoids.
Included studies focusing on molecular emissions from vaping or dabbing concentrates.

Main Results:

Vaping cannabis concentrates presents unique technical challenges compared to nicotine products.
Emissions contain harmful aerosol toxicants such as isoprene and various aldehydes.
Some formulations include hazardous additives like pine rosin and cannabinoid acetates.

Conclusions:

Cannabis concentrates represent a rapidly growing market segment.
Research on health risks has not kept pace with product popularity.
Vaping concentrates can lead to exposure to known toxicants.