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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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Facing yourself in a virtual reality-assisted perspective-taking intervention: an interpretative phenomenological

Essi Sairanen1, Daniel Wallsten1

  • 1Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.

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Summary

This study explored a virtual reality (VR) intervention for self-perception. The VR perspective-taking approach increased self-awareness and fostered self-compassion by highlighting internal vs. external self-views.

Keywords:
interpretative phenomenological analysisperspective-takingrelational frame theorysense of selfvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Virtual Reality Applications
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • Self-narratives significantly impact psychological well-being and distress.
  • Relational Frame Theory (RFT) provides a framework for understanding how individuals relate to themselves and others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel perspective-taking intervention using Virtual Reality (VR).
  • To explore the effects of observing oneself from an external viewpoint on self-perception and self-relating.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a VR intervention where three participants viewed 3D recordings of themselves.
  • Utilized semi-structured interviews and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Participants gained heightened awareness of their self-relating patterns.
  • Identified internalization of external judgments and behavioral adjustments.
  • Observed increased self-compassion and recognition of self-criticism and double standards.
  • Revealed discrepancies between internal and external self-perceptions.

Conclusions:

  • The VR perspective-taking intervention shows potential for assessing and modifying self-relating.
  • Suggests a promising therapeutic avenue for enhancing psychological well-being through altered self-perception.