Gastrointestinal-related side effects are key barriers to dietary fiber intake

Background: Dietary fiber intake has been consistently low, and the reasons for this are not fully understood. Acute increases in dietary fiber intake are often expected to cause gastrointestinal (GI)-related effects which may preclude regular intake, especially in individuals who are sensitive to discomfort or tend to avoid unpleasant physical sensations. Aim: Describe knowledge of, and barriers related to dietary fiber intake in adults, including GI-related side effects. Methods: A survey was sent to United States adults (N = 132; mean age = 41.3 ± 15.4 years; 72% female) with questions assessing dietary fiber knowledge and barriers, along with the Discomfort Intolerance Scale (DIS) and Behavioral Inhibition Scale/Behavioral Activation Scale (BIS/BAS). Results: Most participants (N = 132) were aware of recommendations for and sources of dietary fiber. GI-related side effects, notably flatulence, were reported by nearly half (44.7%). Reporting a GI-related side effect was significantly related to BIS scores, BAS Reward Responsive subscale scores, and DIS Intolerance subscale scores (all p ≤ 0.02). Conclusion: For some, GI-related barriers are key factors influencing dietary fiber intake.