Regulation of Intestinal Inflammation in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) by Soybean Globulin via Toll-Like...

Larimichthys crocea, an economically significant fish species, has experienced significant resource depletion due to overfishing, prompting the expansion of aquaculture. However, the utilization of plant-based protein sources, like soybean globulin, in aquafeeds may induce intestinal inflammation, compromising fish health. In this study, models of Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression were constructed using dual-luciferase reporter vectors. TLR5M and TLR5S were identified as key mediators of inflammatory responses through the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling. Molecular docking analyses confirmed their high binding affinity with soybean globulin. Western blot analyses further validated significant changes in key proteins of these pathways. This study provides theoretical insights into plant protein-induced intestinal inflammation and supports the optimization of aquafeed formulations to enhance aquaculture efficiency.