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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Metacarpal Small Incision for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Published on: April 5, 2024

Understanding Metacarpal Morphology and Practical Surgical Applications.

Rhiana Rivas¹, Julie Mekhail¹, Ann Laurie Wells¹

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC10 5600, Albuquerque, NM 87131.

The Journal of Hand Surgery

|June 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study quantifies metacarpal curvature, finding the volar surface is more curved than the dorsal. These radius of curvature (ROC) differences inform hand bone biomechanics and fracture fixation techniques.

Keywords:

Anatomy angle isthmus medullary diameter metacarpal morphology

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Human anatomy
Biomechanical engineering

Background:

Metacarpal morphology, specifically its curvature, is not well-understood.
Understanding the radius of curvature (ROC) is crucial for assessing hand biomechanics, joint alignment, and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the dorsal and volar radius of curvature (ROC) of the metacarpals.
To measure metacarpal canal and isthmus diameters.
To compare these measurements across the five metacarpals.

Main Methods:

Utilized 105 computed tomography scans of cadaver hands.
Measured volar and dorsal ROC, canal diameters, and isthmus dimensions for all metacarpals.
Confirmed high interrater and intrarater reliability (ICCs > 0.95).

Main Results:

All metacarpals exhibited a smaller, more curved volar ROC compared to the dorsal ROC.
The index metacarpal had the largest ROC, while the small finger metacarpal had the smallest.
The thumb metacarpal showed the largest intramedullary diameter; the fourth had the smallest.

Conclusions:

The smaller volar ROC in thumb and small finger metacarpals may relate to grasping and opposition functions.
The dorsal surface is relatively straight with a large ROC.
Surgeons can use the dorsal cortex as a guide for intramedullary fixation; volar ROC variations necessitate consideration in fracture fixation.