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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
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Does running performance affect the thoracic diameter expansion among different running intensities?

Gonzalo Garrido-López1, Javier Rueda1, Alejandro F San Juan1

  • 1Sport Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Biomechanics
|June 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Breathing expansion involves biomechanics, with thoracic diameters changing differently at various levels during running. Running performance did not significantly alter these chest wall movements across different intensities.

Keywords:
And ribcageBiomechanicsFitnessMotion capture systemPhotogrammetryRunning performance

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Thoracic Kinematics

Background:

  • Breathing expansion traditionally viewed as physiological, ignoring biomechanical factors.
  • Thoracic expansion is non-uniform across the ribcage.
  • Running performance may influence thoracic wall movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Analyze mediolateral and anteroposterior thoracic diameter variations.
  • Investigate changes at upper, middle, and lower ribcage levels.
  • Compare athletes with different running performance levels and intensities.

Main Methods:

  • Optoelectronic plethysmography used on 22 athletes during incremental running tests.
  • Measurements taken at varying exercise intensities.
  • Athletes categorized into three running performance groups based on final velocity.

Main Results:

  • Increased thoracic expansion (anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters) at all levels with rising exercise intensity.
  • A mirrored pattern observed: upper anteroposterior/lower mediolateral expanded more initially, while upper mediolateral/lower anteroposterior expanded more in later stages.
  • No significant differences in thoracic kinematics between running performance groups at similar intensities.

Conclusions:

  • Thoracic expansion patterns change with exercise intensity, exhibiting a mirrored expansion strategy.
  • Running performance level did not significantly differentiate thoracic kinematics.
  • Further research needed to identify subtle kinematic variations and their clinical relevance for respiratory health and fitness assessment.