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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

A Protocol for Constructing a Rat Wound Model of Type 1 Diabetes
Published on: February 17, 2023
Antidiabetic sitagliptin influences tissue regeneration by affecting progenitor cells
Bárbara Torrecillas-Baena1, Victoria Pulido-Escribano1, José Manuel Quesada-Gómez2
1Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba 14004, Spain.
Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i), accelerates diabetic wound healing but may impair bone formation by altering serum composition and progenitor cell differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus impairs tissue regeneration, affecting skin healing and bone health.
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) are antidiabetic drugs with potential broader physiological effects.
- Sitagliptin is a DPP4 inhibitor whose impact on regenerative capacities requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of sitagliptin on skin wound healing in a diabetic animal model.
- To assess sitagliptin's impact on serum composition and its subsequent effects on endothelial and mesenchymal stem cells.
- To evaluate sitagliptin's influence on progenitor cell viability, differentiation, and angiogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Diabetic rats with dorsal wounds were treated with sitagliptin.
- Quantification of circulating CD34+ cells and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) via flow cytometry.
- In vitro assessment of endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using rat serum for viability, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and differentiation assays.
Main Results:
- Sitagliptin accelerated wound closure and reduced inflammation, alongside increased circulating EPCs.
- Serum from sitagliptin-treated rats enhanced angiogenesis in endothelial cells.
- Sitagliptin-treated rat serum negatively impacted osteogenic differentiation in MSCs, promoting adipogenesis.
Conclusions:
- Sitagliptin demonstrates potential benefits for diabetic ulcer healing.
- Alterations in serum composition due to sitagliptin may negatively influence bone formation.
- Sitagliptin can differentially affect progenitor cell responses based on their microenvironment, impacting overall regenerative capacity.
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