Toward responsible artificial intelligence in medicine: Reflections from the Australian epilepsy project

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary scientific field that uses machines to solve real-world problems and predict outcomes. Despite the current enthusiasm about AI's potential as a clinical support tool, there is also a growing awareness and concern about the potentially harmful effects of AI. Because AI will likely impact expert-based decision-making in medicine, it is critical to consider the issues that AI raises in medical research. This paper outlines the AI guidelines of the Australian Epilepsy Project. This large-scale platform aims to democratise specialist care in epilepsy and use AI for clinical decision support based on prospective multimodal datasets (MRI, genetic, clinical, and cognitive data) from thousands of people with epilepsy. As AI develops rapidly, we focus on key areas of medical AI identified in the literature, including Trust, Responsibility and Safety. We believe AI is changing medicine, and we believe it is imperative to advance and update our AI guidelines adaptably while preparing for an era of augmented-intelligence-based medicine.