Dual intelligent multiplexing sensor for accurate disease management with portable NMR

Emerging infectious diseases demand comprehensive containment strategies, encompassing early detection and patient monitoring. Conventional diagnostic tests often suffer from low sensitivity, reliance on specialized equipment, and binary (positive/negative) outputs that provide limited clinical insight. To address these limitations, we introduce a novel approach integrating time-domain micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-μNMR) with a dual intelligent relaxometric sensing (DIS) system, combining Fe₃O₄ and MnO nanoparticles with machine learning algorithms. This system profits from the distinct T₁ and T₂ relaxometric profiles of these nanoparticles to simultaneously detect endogenous (immune response) and exogenous (viral) analytes in complex biological samples. Specific molecular recognition by the nanoparticles induces measurable relaxometric changes, transforming them into sensitive NMR sensors. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method through multiplexed detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies, showcasing its potential for advanced diagnostics.