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Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for feeding and eating disorders in children: A population-based linked cohort

Berihun Dachew1, Biruk Shalmeno Tusa2, Yitayish Damtie2

  • 1School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

Eating Behaviors
|June 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal and perinatal risk factors, including maternal age and anxiety, and child factors like low birth weight, are linked to feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). Early identification and intervention are crucial for mitigating risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) in children pose significant health challenges.
  • Understanding the etiology of FEDs is crucial for effective prevention and intervention strategies.
  • Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the impact of early-life factors on FED development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal association between prenatal and perinatal risk factors and the development of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) in children.
  • To identify specific maternal and child-related predictors of FEDs.
  • To inform targeted interventions for at-risk populations.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based retrospective cohort study of 223,068 mother-child pairs in New South Wales, Australia (2003-2005 birth cohort).
  • Offspring were followed for up to 15 years, with FEDs identified using ICD-10-AM codes.
  • Logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of FEDs.

Main Results:

  • 0.2% of children (435) were diagnosed with FEDs.
  • Maternal factors associated with FEDs included advanced maternal age (≥35 years), high socioeconomic status, and perinatal anxiety disorder.
  • Child factors associated with FEDs included being female, low birth weight, and low Apgar scores.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal and perinatal factors are significantly associated with an increased risk of FEDs in children.
  • The findings highlight the importance of monitoring and addressing modifiable risk factors during pregnancy and childbirth.
  • Early identification of at-risk children and timely interventions are essential for improving health outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenFeeding and eating disordersLinked dataPerinatalPrenatal

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