MXene-Infused Anode Architectures for Lithium Metal Batteries: Pioneering Strategies to Address Core Limitations

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are on the verge of transforming energy storage while boasting remarkable theoretical energy densities that make them prime contenders for the future of power technology. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the unchecked formation of lithium dendrites and the inherent vulnerability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this critical juncture, MXenes have surfaced as a transformative material with remarkable properties such as an immense specific surface area, unmatched chemical stability, highly adaptable surface functionalities, and intrinsic porosity. These characteristics enable MXenes to serve as highly efficient lithium-ion reservoirs and as powerful deterrents to dendritic growth while safeguarding the integrity of the SEI. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the potential of MXene-based anode materials while emphasizing their capacity to address the dual challenges of dendrite formation and SEI degradation in LMBs. Cutting-edge advancements in the design and development of lithium metal anodes (LMAs) are thoroughly explored, while tracking the progression of next-generation battery architectures. Furthermore, forward-thinking strategies are proposed to overcome the current limitations while highlighting the indispensable role of MXenes in ensuring the long-term safety, resilience and exceptional electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries.