Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Multifaceted Burden Undermining Arthroplasty Success

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant complication following total joint arthroplasty (TJA).
• PJIs lead to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic costs, impacting patients, healthcare systems, and economies.
• The incidence of PJI ranges from 0.5% to 2.3%, with mortality rates up to 8% after one year for hip arthroplasty.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the multifaceted burden of PJI.
• To emphasize the need for improved prevention and management strategies in TJA.
• To underscore the importance of surgeon awareness and multidisciplinary collaboration in combating PJI.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on PJI incidence, outcomes, and economic impact.
• Analysis of patient-reported outcomes and quality of life in PJI patients.
• Discussion of current treatment modalities and their associated risks.

Main Results:

• PJI treatment costs are 3-5.6 times higher than primary TJA.
• Patients with PJI experience decreased function, quality of life, and increased depression.
• Surgeons managing PJI face significant psychological stress.

Conclusions:

• Continued research and innovation are essential to optimize TJA outcomes and minimize PJI.
• Enhanced prevention strategies, multidisciplinary cooperation, and comprehensive patient/surgeon support are critical.
• Orthopaedic surgeons must remain vigilant in recognizing and preventing PJI.