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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Learning through comparison when studying evidence and policy.

Katherine E Smith1, Niklas A Andersen2, Valérie Pattyn3

  • 1University of Strathclyde, UK.

Evidence & Policy : a Journal of Research, Debate and Practice
|June 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparative analysis enhances understanding of evidence-policy interplay by revealing its contextual and political dimensions. This approach combats conceptual confusion and promotes realistic strategies for evidence use in policy-making.

Keywords:
comparisoncontextualisationevidenceevidence-based policypolicy

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Area of Science:

  • Policy Studies
  • Comparative Politics
  • Evidence-Based Policy

Background:

  • Comparative perspectives are crucial for advancing scholarship on the evidence-policy interplay.
  • A lack of comparative analysis risks conceptual confusion and limits engagement with political dimensions of evidence use.

Discussion:

  • Dominant disciplines shape evidence cultures within policy settings.
  • Policy-making in democracies inherently involves political complexities.
  • Realism is essential for effectively supporting evidence use in policy.

Key Insights:

  • Evidence use in policy is contextual, divergent, and contingent.
  • Cross-national and cross-ministerial comparisons illuminate variations in evidence utilization.
  • Shifting perspectives arise when researchers engage directly with policy environments.

Outlook:

  • Encouraging learning from diverse contexts and disciplines is vital.
  • Integrating political and democratic dimensions is necessary for effective evidence-policy interactions.
  • Comparative analysis offers valuable insights into navigating complex policy landscapes.