Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 5, 2026
A Novel Approach to Monitoring Graft Neovascularization in the Human Gingiva
Published on: January 12, 2019
Reduced Shear Stress and Longer Blood Flow Time Occur in Both Severe Focal and Mild Diffuse LAD Lesions: Angiograms
Gianluca Rigatelli1, Marco Zuin1,2,3, Niva Mileva4
1Interventional Cardiology Unit, Madre Teresa di Calcutta Hospitals, Padova South Hospitals, 35043 Monselice, Italy.
Insights
Mild long coronary artery lesions exhibit similar wall shear stress (WSS) and residence time (RT) to significant short lesions. This rheological similarity suggests potential for comparable hemodynamic impact despite differing angiographic appearances.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular imaging
- Biomedical engineering
- Fluid dynamics
Background:
- Coronary artery disease assessment often relies on stenosis severity.
- Rheological properties like wall shear stress (WSS) and residence time (RT) may offer complementary insights.
- Understanding differences and similarities in WSS and RT between focal and diffuse lesions is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare rheological parameters, specifically WSS and RT, between significant short focal and mild long coronary artery lesions.
- To investigate potential discrepancies in WSS and RT that might explain angiographic differences.
Main Methods:
- Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) data from 30 patients were analyzed.
- Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were created for patient-specific coronary arteries.
- WSS and RT were calculated for focal (≤20 mm, ≥75% stenosis) and long (30-40 mm, ≤50% stenosis) lesions in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in mean WSS was observed between focal and long lesion groups (p=0.84).
- Both lesion types showed significantly lower mean WSS compared to non-stenosed segments.
- Mean RT was significantly higher in both lesion groups compared to non-stenosed segments, with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.82).
Conclusions:
- Long, angiographically mild coronary stenoses exhibit similar WSS and RT characteristics to short, hemodynamically significant coronary stenoses.
- Rheological analysis may reveal comparable hemodynamic significance between seemingly different lesion types.
- These findings highlight the importance of considering WSS and RT in the comprehensive assessment of coronary artery disease.
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: The similarities and differences from a rheological perspective between significant short focal and mild long coronary lesions warrant investigation to elucidate wall shear stress (WSS) angiographic discrepancies. Methods: Patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) between 1 January 2023 and 1 September 2024 were selected for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The selection criteria included either a focal (≤20 mm) hemodynamically significant stenosis, defined as ≥75% lumen narrowing, or a long (30-40 mm) non-hemodynamically significant lesion showing ≤50% stenosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Patient-specific models were reconstructed from ECG-gated CCTA images. Wall shear stress (WSS, measured in Pascals) and residence time (RT) were evaluated for each patient. Results: The LAD arteries of 30 patients (mean age 54 years, 63.3% men) were evaluated: 16 with focal, hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis, while 14 with diffuse, long, non-hemodynamically significant coronary lesions. Both groups exhibited a lower mean WSS compared to the non-stenosed segment, with no significant difference in mean WSS between the two groups (p = 0.84). Conversely, both groups demonstrated a higher mean residence time (RT) compared to the non-stenosed segments (0.2 ± 0.06 vs. 0.60 ± 0.03, p < 0.001 and 0.2 ± 0.006 vs. 0.59 ± 0.02, p < 0.001, respectively), and no significant difference in mean RT (p = 0.82). Conclusions: Long, angiographically mild coronary stenoses show similar WSS and RT characteristics compared to short hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis.
More Related Videos
13:07Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
Published on: January 15, 2022
13:48Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound
Published on: April 21, 2023
