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Changes in Physical Function, Cognitive Function, Mental Health, and Sleep Quality After Cardiac Surgeries and
Yoshimi Kawahara1, Nobuto Nakanishi2, Keiko Nomura1
1Department of Nursing, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Nursing Reports (Pavia, Italy)
|June 25, 2025
Summary
Cardiac surgery patients experienced worsened physical function and sleep quality post-procedure. However, mental health improved, while cognitive function remained stable. Open thoracotomy was linked to poorer sleep.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Cardiac surgery patients often face functional impairments.
- Limited research compares pre- and post-intervention changes in physical, cognitive, and mental health, alongside sleep quality.
- This study addresses this gap by evaluating multiple functional domains after cardiac procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in physical function, cognitive function, mental health, and sleep quality in patients before and after cardiac surgery.
- To identify factors associated with functional changes post-cardiac procedures.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS) and Barthel index for physical function.
- Employed the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) for cognitive function assessment.
- Assessed mental health using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A, HADS-D) and sleep quality via a 5-point Likert scale.
Main Results:
- Physical function (J-CHS, Barthel index) significantly worsened post-surgery (p < 0.01).
- Anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) scores improved significantly (p < 0.01), while cognitive function (MMSE) remained unchanged (p = 0.91).
- Sleep quality declined significantly post-procedure (p < 0.01), with open thoracotomy associated with deterioration.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac surgery and procedures lead to a decline in physical function and sleep quality.
- Post-operative mental health, specifically anxiety and depression, shows improvement.
- Cognitive function is generally preserved, but sleep quality is compromised, particularly after open thoracotomy.
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