Pathologic Processes in the Larynx Leading to a Change in the Voice Function

Phonetics is the study of the acoustics of the human voice. The larynx functions not only as an air passage but also as a vocal organ. The vibration of the vocal cords produces sound as air is exhaled. Phonation occurs in the larynx, where a triangular opening, known as the vocal fold, forms during breathing. The goal is to review the literature on the most common pathologic processes in the larynx that lead to changes in voice function.

From January 2000 to September 2024, the PubMed, BioMed Central, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were used to conduct a systematic analysis of scientific publications investigating the most common types of pathologic processes in the larynx that lead to voice function changes.

Laryngeal pathology is common and arises from various factors. The development of oncological diseases in this region is no exception. Clinicians must be well aware of the symptoms associated with the existing disorder, whether inflammatory, traumatic, or oncological. The most frequently observed symptoms include hoarseness, voice changes, dysphonia, aphonia, and pain.

Laryngeal pathology is common among patients today. This prevalence can be attributed to numerous harmful environmental factors, including allergens and carcinogens. Poor voice quality adversely affects the quality of life for those impacted. Oncological diseases in the laryngeal region influence life expectancy.