[Advances in pharmacotherapy for immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases in the 21st century]

The progress achieved in deciphering the pathogenetic mechanisms of immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) served as the basis for the development at the beginning of the 21st century of more than 20 bioligical agents, which are monoclonal antibodies or recombinant proteins that block the activity of proinflammatory cytokines and/or pathological activation of immune system cells, and in recent years, a group of synthetic targeted anti-inflammatory drugs that modulate the signaling of cytokines involved in the development of inflammation, primarily Janus kinase inhibitors. The article will focus primarily on the achievements of pharmacotherapy of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, considered as models for studying the fundamental mechanisms of immunopathology of human diseases and the development of new approaches to anti-inflammatory therapy, with an emphasis on the contribution of Russian rheumatology and pharmacology to the study of this problem.