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Targeting drug resistant colorectal cancer with apigenin nanoarchitectures

Pouya Goleij1, Saeid Ferdousmakan2, Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari3

  • 1USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari 4816118761, Iran.

Translational Oncology
|June 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Apigenin nanoarchitectures show promise in overcoming drug resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). These formulations enhance apigenin delivery, increasing efficacy against resistant CRC cells and offering a new strategy for treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Drug resistance is a major challenge in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, leading to high mortality.
  • Conventional therapies for CRC have limitations including toxicity and multi-drug resistance (MDR).
  • Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, is being investigated for its potential against drug-resistant CRC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate the use of apigenin-loaded nanoarchitectures in overcoming drug resistance in CRC.
  • To examine the efficacy of apigenin delivered via nanocarriers like PLGA nanoparticles, lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles, and liposomes.
  • To assess apigenin's impact on cellular mechanisms, tumor microenvironment, and synergistic effects with chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on apigenin-loaded nanoarchitectures for CRC treatment.
  • Analysis of nanocarrier-mediated delivery systems (PLGA nanoparticles, lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles, liposomes).
  • Evaluation of apigenin's effects on drug-resistant CRC cells, including cellular uptake, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and pathway inhibition (PI3K/Akt/mTOR).

Main Results:

  • Apigenin nanoarchitectures improve bioavailability, targeted delivery, and sustained release of apigenin.
  • Apigenin-loaded nanoparticles enhance cellular uptake, overcome drug efflux pumps, and induce apoptosis in resistant CRC cells.
  • Apigenin inhibits proliferation, arrests the cell cycle, suppresses oncogenic pathways, and disrupts angiogenesis and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Apigenin nanoarchitectures represent a potent strategy to enhance CRC treatment outcomes by overcoming drug resistance.
  • Apigenin acts as a chemo-sensitizer and shows potential in combination therapy for CRC.
  • Further clinical development of apigenin nanoarchitectures is warranted for improved CRC treatment.
Keywords:
ApigeninChemoresistanceColorectal cancerMulti-drug resistanceNanoparticles

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