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Split Inversion-Recovery Experiment by Sample Shifting.

Sylwia Jopa1, Dariusz Gołowicz2, Krzysztof Kazimierczuk1

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|June 26, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative NMR (qNMR) requires accurate longitudinal relaxation constant (T1) measurements. A new SWAPE apparatus significantly speeds up T1 determination by avoiding long delays, reducing experiment times by over 5 times.

Keywords:
benchtop NMRformic acidinversion recoveryqNMRspin‐lattice

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Quantitative NMR (qNMR) relies on full nuclear spin relaxation between scans.
  • Accurate T1 (longitudinal relaxation time) values are crucial for setting appropriate interscan delays.
  • Conventional T1 measurement methods, like inversion-recovery, can be time-consuming, especially for nuclei with long T1 values.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method for accelerating T1 measurements in qNMR.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the SWAPE (Sweeping Apparatus for Polarisation enhancement) apparatus in reducing experiment duration.
  • To validate the accuracy of the SWAPE method by comparing T1 values with conventional techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Development and implementation of the SWAPE apparatus, which shifts the sample vertically during the pulse sequence.
  • Utilizing the SWAPE apparatus to perform inversion-recovery experiments, allowing relaxation in non-excited sample regions.
  • Acquisition and analysis of NMR spectra using the SWAPE method on a formic acid sample.

Main Results:

  • The SWAPE apparatus successfully shortened the T1 measurement experiment time by approximately 5.8 times.
  • The T1 value obtained using SWAPE for formic acid was 12.99 ± 0.73 s.
  • This result is in good agreement with the T1 value measured by the conventional inversion-recovery method (14.48 ± 0.82 s).

Conclusions:

  • The SWAPE apparatus offers a significant acceleration of T1 measurements in NMR spectroscopy.
  • This technique effectively overcomes the limitations of long passive delays in conventional methods.
  • SWAPE provides a faster and efficient alternative for T1 determination, crucial for optimizing qNMR experiments.