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Relationship Between Thyroid Dysfunction and Ovarian Cancer
Justyna Gogola-Mruk1, Aleksandra Sirek1, Izabela Kumor1
1Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL 30387 Cracow, Poland.
Biomolecules
|June 26, 2025
Summary
Thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, is linked to increased ovarian cancer risk and progression. Understanding this association may improve treatment strategies for ovarian cancer patients with thyroid conditions.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Gynecologic Oncology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Thyroid dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a factor influencing ovarian cancer (OC) risk and outcomes.
- Epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between thyroid dysfunction, particularly hyperthyroidism, and adverse OC progression and mortality.
- Thyroid hormones and their receptors play a role in cellular processes relevant to cancer development and survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causal associations between thyroid dysfunction and ovarian cancer risk.
- To explore the molecular mechanisms involving thyroid hormone receptors and ovarian cancer progression.
- To examine the relationship between thyroid hormone levels, metabolic reprogramming, and ovarian cancer.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of epidemiological data and research studies.
- Analysis of studies investigating thyroid hormone receptors (TRα, TRβ, αvβ3) in ovarian cancer.
- Examination of thyroid hormone (T4, T3) levels and their impact on ovarian cancer progression.
- Review of studies on metabolic hormones and metabolic reprogramming in ovarian cancer cells.
- Inclusion of case studies on struma ovarii.
Main Results:
- Thyroid dysfunction, especially hyperthyroidism, is associated with elevated ovarian cancer risk, progression, and mortality.
- Thyroid hormone receptors (TRα, TRβ, αvβ3) expression and localization influence ovarian cancer patient survival.
- Thyroid hormones (T4, T3) levels in ovarian cancer patients correlate with disease progression.
- Interactions between thyroid dysfunction, metabolic hormones, and metabolic reprogramming in ovarian cancer cells are suggested.
- Treatment of thyroid dysfunction may impact ovarian cancer progression.
Conclusions:
- A significant link exists between thyroid dysfunction and ovarian cancer risk and progression.
- Understanding the interplay between thyroid health and ovarian cancer is crucial for patient management.
- Further research into thyroid hormone's role in ovarian cancer could lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
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