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Related Concept Videos

Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Base Excision Repair01:54

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Updated: Sep 18, 2025

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Protein-Protein Interactions in Base Excision Repair.

Govardhan Rathnaiah1, Joann B Sweasy1

  • 1Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center and Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.

Biomolecules
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details protein-protein interactions in the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway, focusing on single-nucleotide BER (SN-BER). Understanding these molecular interactions is crucial for DNA repair insights.

Keywords:
APE1DNA glycosylaseDNA polymeraseXRCC1ligasepoly (ADP-ribose) polymerases

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway is essential for maintaining genomic stability by repairing damaged DNA bases.
  • BER involves a complex network of protein-protein interactions facilitating efficient DNA repair.
  • Key enzymes in BER include DNA glycosylases, APE1, PNKP, Pol β, LigIIIα, PARP1/2, and XRCC1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review protein-protein interactions within the single-nucleotide BER (SN-BER) pathway.
  • To explore interactions between SN-BER components and other regulatory proteins.
  • To provide insights into the coordination mechanisms of the BER pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on published research on BER pathway protein interactions.
  • Analysis of protein-protein interaction networks within SN-BER.
  • Functional evidence-based discussion of interactions involving SN-BER components.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of protein-protein interactions among core SN-BER enzymes.
  • Identification of regulatory proteins that interact with SN-BER components.
  • Highlighting the importance of these interactions for seamless DNA intermediate handoff.

Conclusions:

  • Protein-protein interactions are fundamental to the efficiency and regulation of the BER pathway.
  • Understanding these interactions offers critical insights into DNA repair mechanisms.
  • Further research into these interactions can reveal novel therapeutic targets for diseases associated with DNA repair defects.