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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Published on: March 19, 2014

Separating Subjective from Objective Food Value in the Human Insula: An Exploratory Study Using Intracranial EEG.

Benjamin Hébert-Seropian^1,2, Olivier Boucher^2,3,4, Daphné Citherlet^2,5

¹Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, QC H2X 3P2, Canada.

|June 26, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The human insula processes food cues differently based on hunger, with distinct neural pathways for subjective and objective food properties. This study used intracranial EEG to reveal these temporal dynamics in insular cortex activity.

Keywords:

EPIC model ERP alliesthesia food cue reactivity food images homeostasis hunger insula intracranial EEG satiety

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Performing Behavioral Tasks in Subjects with Intracranial Electrodes

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Published on: October 2, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Gastroenterology
Psychology

Background:

The human insula integrates internal states with external food cues, but its precise role is limited by neuroimaging temporal resolution.
Intracranial EEG (iEEG) offers a unique opportunity to explore the insula's temporal dynamics in food cue processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how the insula encodes subjective and objective properties of food stimuli.
To determine how hunger and satiety modulate insular cortex activity in response to food cues.

Main Methods:

Eight patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing pre-surgical evaluation.
Recorded intracranial EEG (iEEG) event-related potentials (ERPs) in the insular cortex.
Collected subjective ratings and objective nutritional values of visual food cues in hungry and satiated states.

Main Results:

Hunger amplified later ERPs (350-450 ms), while satiety enhanced early responses (150-250 ms).
Neural activity for nutritional values was largely uncorrelated with subjective ratings, suggesting distinct processing streams.
Mid- and posterior insula showed greater sensitivity to both subjective and nutritional information compared to the anterior insula.

Conclusions:

The insula differentiates implicit and explicit food signals based on homeostatic state.
Findings support a dual-route model for food cue processing.
Results may inform interventions for disordered eating by targeting insular activity.