Radiomics: Assessing Significance and Correlation with Ground-Truth Data in Precision Medicine in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Radiomics, an emerging discipline integrating imaging science, computational biology, and clinical oncology, enables the extraction of quantitative biomarkers from medical images for improved diagnosis and prognosis. However, variability in imaging protocols and insufficient validation studies hinder the clinical reliability of these biomarkers, limiting their integration into precision medicine. This study addresses these challenges by proposing an RW-ensemble method for extracting and validating radiomic features from segmented lung nodules. Using the Lung CT-Diagnosis dataset, which comprises CT images of 61 patients with segmentation annotations, nearly 38 radiomic features were extracted, incorporating texture-based features from the Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Grey-Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM), as well as histogram-based features. The extracted features were validated against ground-truth data using Spearman's correlation coefficient (SCC), demonstrating moderate to strong correlations. These findings confirm the robustness of the RW-ensemble segmentation and reinforce the potential of radiomics in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding therapeutic decisions in precision oncology. Establishing the reliability and reproducibility of these features is crucial for their seamless clinical integration, ultimately advancing the role of radiomics in the diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.