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LL-MAROCO: A Large Language Model-Assisted Robotic System for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Osteotomy
Lai Jiang1,2,3,4,5, Liangjing Shao6,7, Jinyang Wu1,2,3,4,5
1Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
Summary
This study introduces an intelligent surgical robot using ChatGPT-4 for autonomous planning in oral and craniomaxillofacial osteotomies, enhancing precision and safety in bone deformity correction.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Surgical Robotics
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Background:
- Oral and craniomaxillofacial (OMF) bone deformities require osteotomy for correction.
- Current robot-assisted OMF surgery lacks intelligent planning and integrated navigation.
- Advanced solutions are needed to improve OMF osteotomy procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an intelligent surgical robot system for autonomous OMF osteotomy planning using ChatGPT-4.
- To integrate large language model capabilities with surgical robotics for enhanced OMF surgery.
- To improve the precision, safety, and efficiency of OMF osteotomies.
Main Methods:
- Developed an autonomous surgical planning system powered by ChatGPT-4.
- Utilized a deep learning framework to align visual navigation data with textual plans.
- Converted AI-generated plans into executable instructions for robotic surgery.
- Validated system precision, execution accuracy, and usability in common osteotomies.
Main Results:
- Achieved a trajectory planning accuracy of 0.24 mm.
- Demonstrated an average robotic execution accuracy of 1.46 mm.
- Reported completion rates of 87% for Le Fort I osteotomy and 92% for genioplasty.
- Confirmed process feasibility and operational efficiency through user surveys.
Conclusions:
- The integration of large language models with surgical robots significantly advances intelligent OMF osteotomy.
- The developed system offers precise, autonomous planning capabilities for OMF surgery.
- This approach promises safer and more effective treatments for OMF bone deformities.
