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Laying the Groundwork for Health: Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity in Preschoolers in Split-Dalmatia County,

Dora Bučan Nenadić1,2, Lucija Štrkalj2, Klara Zloić2

  • 1Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity is a growing concern, with 21.4% of preschool children in Croatia overweight or obese. Promoting healthy eating and physical activity is crucial for preventing future health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Childhood Obesity Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity in children are significant public health issues.
  • Early-life nutrition and lifestyle are key determinants of childhood weight status.
  • Irregular eating patterns and sedentary behavior contribute to excess weight gain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess physical activity, sleep, anthropometrics, and eating behaviors in Croatian preschool children.
  • To examine associations between eating behaviors and nutritional status indicators.
  • To investigate sex differences in eating behaviors and physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 429 children aged 4-7 years in Split, Croatia.
  • Parental questionnaires including the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ).
  • Anthropometric measurements and BMI-for-age z-scores; parental reports on physical activity and sleep.

Main Results:

  • 21.4% of children were overweight or obese; 12.6% were underweight.
  • Overweight/obese children exhibited higher food responsiveness; underweight/normal-weight children showed more emotional undereating and slowness in eating.
  • Significant sex differences in 'Slowness in Eating'; girls napped more frequently than boys.

Conclusions:

  • High prevalence of overweight and obesity in Croatian preschool children.
  • Importance of promoting healthy eating behaviors and physical activity from an early age.
  • First study using CEBQ in Croatia; interventions should target diet quality and eating behaviors.

Keywords:
children’s eating behaviourchildren’s nutritioneating habitsphysical activitysleep pattern

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