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Related Concept Videos

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
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Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 18, 2025

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy: A Standard Operating Procedure for the Detection of Demodex Mites at the Eyelid Margin
05:21

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy: A Standard Operating Procedure for the Detection of Demodex Mites at the Eyelid Margin

Published on: July 3, 2025

248

Demodex folliculorum.

Ayyad Zartasht Khan1,2,3, Fredrik Fineide3,4,5, Jens Wohlmann6

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Østfold Hospital Trust, 1524 Moss, Norway.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Demodex folliculorum mites on eyelashes can cause chronic dry eye disease. Treatment with tea tree oil eyelid wipes effectively resolved symptoms in a patient, highlighting diagnostic importance.

Keywords:
Demodex folliculorumdiagnosticsdry eye diseasescanning electron microscope

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dermatology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Demodex folliculorum mites are common on human skin, residing in hair follicles and sebaceous glands.
  • While typically commensal, these mites can cause ocular surface diseases like blepharitis and dry eye when overpopulating.
  • Symptoms of Demodex infestation include itching, burning, watery eyes, and a foreign body sensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present scanning electron microscopy (SEM) findings of Demodex folliculorum on eyelashes.
  • To discuss the pathogenic mechanisms and diagnostic hallmarks of Demodex infestation.
  • To highlight a successful treatment outcome for chronic ocular discomfort due to Demodex.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize Demodex folliculorum on patient eyelashes.
  • Clinical presentation and patient history of chronic ocular symptoms were recorded.
  • Treatment efficacy was assessed through patient-reported symptom resolution after a two-month regimen.

Main Results:

  • SEM confirmed the presence of Demodex folliculorum on the eyelashes of a patient with a two-year history of dry, burning, and watery eyes.
  • The patient experienced significant symptom relief following a two-month course of tea tree oil-based eyelid wipes.
  • Diagnostic hallmarks such as collarettes at the base of eyelashes were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Demodex folliculorum infestation is a clinically relevant cause of chronic ocular discomfort and dry eye disease.
  • Topical tea tree oil demonstrates efficacy in managing Demodex-associated ocular symptoms.
  • Accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial for resolving Demodex-related eye conditions.