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Heart Rate Variability in Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder Practicing a Virtual Reality Using Two

Étria Rodrigues1,2, Ariane Livanos3, Joyce A L Garbin1,3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals showed altered heart rate variability (HRV) during virtual reality (VR) tasks. Abstract interactions increased sympathetic nervous system activity compared to concrete ones.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorderautonomic nervous systemheart ratevirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, often reflected in heart rate variability (HRV) changes.
  • Virtual reality (VR) technology can modulate physiological responses, making it a potential tool to study ANS function in individuals with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in HRV in individuals with ASD during and after concrete (touchscreen) and abstract (webcam) VR tasks over 10 days.
  • To determine how different types of VR interactions influence autonomic nervous system activity.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-two male participants with ASD were recruited.
  • Participants were randomly assigned to perform either a concrete or abstract VR task first.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) indices were measured before, during, and after VR task completion.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in HRV indices (RMSSD, SD1, SDNN, SD2) were observed between concrete and abstract VR tasks.
  • Abstract VR tasks led to decreased parasympathetic activity.
  • Abstract VR tasks resulted in an increased LF/HF ratio, indicating heightened sympathetic nervous system activation.

Conclusions:

  • VR task modality significantly impacts autonomic nervous system regulation in individuals with ASD.
  • Abstract interactions in VR may impose higher motor demands, leading to a shift towards sympathetic dominance.
  • Findings suggest VR can be used to explore ANS function and its modulation in ASD.