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The Complex Role of the miR-17-92 Cluster in Stroke: Mechanistic Insights and Biomarker Potential
Cornelia Braicu1, Mihaela Molnar2, Ekaterina Isachesku1
1Department of Genomics, MEDFUTURE Institute for Biomedical Research, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Abstract:
Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with ischemic stroke (IS) accounting for approximately 85% of cases. Recent research has highlighted the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, in the pathogenesis of stroke. Among these, the miR-17-92 cluster and its paralogs have emerged as key regulators in the development of stroke pathology and the subsequent recovery processes. We emphasize their regulatory roles in key pathological processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, neuroprotection, and tissue repair. We provide an overview of these mechanisms to support the identification of novel miRNA-based therapeutic targets and to improve stroke diagnosis, treatment, and recovery strategies. Specific miRNAs, such as miR-19a, miR-18a, and miR-92a, contribute to processes including neurogenesis, axonal growth, and a reduction in neuronal apoptosis. The miR-17-92 cluster also offers potential therapeutic applications by targeting injury-induced pathways, such as modulating apoptosis, promoting axonal elongation, or inhibiting neurodegeneration. Preclinical studies have suggested their potential to enhance neural regeneration and promote functional recovery. Future research should further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the miR-17-92 members and their therapeutic potential to enhance stroke treatment strategies.
Insights
MicroRNAs, specifically the miR-17-92 cluster, play a crucial role in stroke pathology and recovery. Understanding these microRNAs offers potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Stroke is a major global health concern, with ischemic stroke (IS) being the most common type.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in the complex pathogenesis of stroke.
- The miR-17-92 cluster and its related microRNAs are key regulators influencing stroke development and post-stroke recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the regulatory functions of the miR-17-92 cluster in stroke pathology.
- To highlight the involvement of specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-19a, miR-18a, miR-92a) in neurogenesis, apoptosis, and axonal growth.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting these miRNAs for improved stroke treatment and recovery.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of preclinical findings on miRNA function in stroke models.
- Analysis of the role of miR-17-92 cluster members in key pathological processes like inflammation, apoptosis, neuroprotection, and tissue repair.
- Identification of specific miRNA targets and pathways relevant to stroke injury and regeneration.
Main Results:
- The miR-17-92 cluster and its paralogs regulate critical pathways in stroke, including inflammation, apoptosis, neuroprotection, and tissue repair.
- Specific miRNAs within the cluster, such as miR-19a, miR-18a, and miR-92a, are implicated in neurogenesis, axonal elongation, and reducing neuronal apoptosis.
- Preclinical evidence suggests that modulating the miR-17-92 cluster can enhance neural regeneration and functional recovery post-stroke.
Conclusions:
- The miR-17-92 cluster represents a significant regulatory network in stroke pathogenesis and recovery.
- Targeting specific miRNAs within this cluster holds promise for developing novel therapeutic interventions for ischemic stroke.
- Further research into the precise mechanisms of miR-17-92 members is essential for advancing stroke treatment strategies.
